Jekyll is just a generator - you put stuff in and it spits stuff out. Isn’t a SPA really just JS? you can use Jekyll to output Json quite easily, and then use JS to parse that however you wish. So you could do all your posts in markdown, then run that thru a layout/page that creates json file of all your posts, and then use JS to display it.
Something like gatsby may be more efficient though.
google jekyll single page template and you’ll get lots of results. Not quite sure this is what you mean though.
By definition, a static site can’t be SPA. But it might be much faster
I suppose you could use Jekyll to generate the basic HTML framework, and then use javascript to pull in the relevant content as the user navigates through the system, but that is why front-end frameworks were invented, and why tools like Next and Nuxt are focused on server-side rendering of the initial page, and then pre-rendering the succeeding ‘pages’, to speed up response.