in looking at your code snippet I mis-read some of it. It has 2 scripts and then an tag. That ins tag is the thing google is probably using in the js to show the add.
I think your issue is putting this into a markdown file because the markdown processor is not expecting javascript.
I would play around with your script on a normal html page to see if you can get it to work at the simplest level, and then try re-arranging it on that same simple page to have the 2 scripts be in the footer and then see if the add still works.
Then work on the actual post and see what happens when you put just the <ins tag bits into the markdown and have the 2 scripts load in the footer. The order they load in is probably important.
script 1:
<script async src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>
script 2:
<script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script>
the actual html:
<ins class="adsbygoogle"
style="display:inline-block;width:160px;height:600px"
data-ad-client="ca-pub-7328585512091257"
data-ad-slot="6991986330">
</ins>